0
Grade 12 Learning ResourcesEconomics Grade 12 Study ResourcesThe Reasons and Consequences of Market Failures...

The Reasons and Consequences of Market Failures Questions and Answers Grade 12

Share

The Reasons and Consequences of Market Failures Questions and Answers Grade 12, Market failure is the economic situation defined by an inefficient distribution of goods and services in the free market. Furthermore, the individual incentives for rational behavior do not lead to rational outcomes for the group.

Activity 1
Study Figure 8.8 and answer the questions that follow.
8.8

  1. What economic technique for enumerating and evaluating is depicted in the illustration? (2)
  2. Give TWO recent examples of potential ‘operations’ in South Africa that will fit into the illustration. (2)
  3. List ONE social benefit of each of the above projects. (4)
    [8]
Answers to activity 1

  1. Cost benefit analysis  (2)
  2. Gautrain Coega (2)
    Any other relevant fact.
  3. Gautrain: Better infrastructure 33More effective transport
    Coega: Job creation/increased standard of living  Any other relevant fact. (any 2 × 2) (4)
    [8]


Activity 2
Distinguish between merit and demerit goods. [8]

Answer to activity 2

  • Taxation, subsidies and legislation are used to control merit and
    demerit goods.
  • Merit goods: higher consumption of goods is regarded as good for
    society government makes use of subsidies (distribute
    condoms).
  • Demerit goods: government imposes taxes to discourage
    consumption  (cigarettes).
    [8]

Activity 3
Discuss the features of collective goods. [8]

Answer to activity 3

  • Non-rivalry: Consumption by one person does not reduce
    consumption by another individual e.g. a lighthouse
  • Non-excludability: Consumption can’t be confined to those
    who pay for it (free riders can use it) e.g. radio and television
    [8]

Activity 4
Discuss the distribution of wealth and income as a consequence of market failure. [8]

Answer to activity 4

  • Through the national budget and taxation
  • Change the distribution of income by: Subsidies, transferring
    payments to poor households, providing goods and services free
    of charge, implementing job creation programmes
  • Regulatory measures: Land reform, labour legislation,
    preferential access to government procurement contracts, black
    economic empowerment policies
    [8] 


Activity 5

Study the following illustration and answer the questions that follow:
act5

  1. Identify the negative externality depicted in the illustration. (2)
  2. List TWO measures that can be applied by government to reduce
    this externality. (2)
  3. What is the liability of the factory in this regard? (2)
  4. What effect will this have on consumer prices? (2)
    [8]
Answers to activity 5

  1. Pollution
  2. Legal actions and taxes  (any 1)
  3. To reduce the pollution
  4. Consumer prices will increase

 

 

Read more

Join our WhatsApp and Telegram channels to be part of the conversation.

To join our WhatsApp and Telegram channels, click the button below to "Join Us Telegram" for Telegram Channel and "Join Us WhatsApp" for WhatsApp Channel. Don't worry, our information is true and reliable.

Latest Article

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 Term 4 November Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 Term 4 November Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 Term 3 September Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 Term 3 September Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 Term 2 May/June Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 Term 2 May/June Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 March Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Dramatic Arts Grade 12 March Past Exam Papers (with memos) PDF Download

Design Grade 12 Term 1 March Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 Term 1 March Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 Term 2 May/June Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 Term 2 May/June Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 Term 3 September Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 Term 3 September Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 November Term 4 Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Design Grade 12 November Term 4 Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Dance Studies Grade 12 November NSC Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download

Dance Studies Grade 12 November NSC Past Exam Papers (with memos) Download